Sex hormones may influence glaucoma risk, with hormone replacement therapy and long-term estrogen use offering potential protective effects, according to a study presented at AAO 2024.
The study analyzed the influence of sex hormones on glaucoma susceptibility using data from 94 million patients between 2006 and 2024.
Bilateral oophorectomy was found to be linked to a reduced risk of glaucoma (P < 0.001), while primary ovarian failure increased the risk of glaucoma (P = 0.047) but lowered the risk for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (P = 0.048). In patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, POAG risk was elevated (P = 0.036). Conversely, hormone replacement therapy and long-term estrogen use were associated with lower glaucoma risk (P < 0.001).
Male hypogonadism, however, showed no significant impact on glaucoma susceptibility.
Reference
Atta S, et al. Association of glaucoma diagnosis with sex hormone levels and replacement therapy within a national U.S. database. Presented at: American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; October 18-21, 2024; Chicago.
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