Visual acuity (VA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) measured at 3 and 5 years after diagnosis, along with specific ocular features such as nystagmus, media opacities, and angle closure, are strong predictors of long-term outcomes in childhood glaucoma.
The retrospective analysis followed 243 children (396 eyes) for at least 4 years, with a mean age at presentation of just 1.5 months. Researchers assessed demographic and clinical variables, including age of onset, laterality, strabismus, anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD), media opacity, and nystagmus, to identify their impact on final outcomes.
Visual acuity and IOP measured at 3 and 5 years were strongly associated with long-term results. The presence of media opacities, unilateral disease, ASD, and nystagmus also correlated with poorer outcomes. Multivariable modeling found that final VA was best predicted by VA at 5 years and the presence of angle closure, while final IOP was most closely linked to IOP at 5 years and nystagmus.
Investigators concluded that early and mid-course disease markers, particularly 5-year VA and IOP, are key prognostic indicators.
Reference
Sheheitli H, Brandt J, Grajewski A, et al. Predictors of Long Term Visual Acuity and Intraocular Pressure Outcomes in Childhood Glaucoma: A Multicenter Study by the Childhood Glaucoma Research Network (CGRN). J Glaucoma. 2025;doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002637. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40982256.
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